“I can see clearly now, Lorraine is gone”. 35. Smooth Radio presenter Kate Garraway has revealed that her favourite misheard lyric was Sister Sledge's 'We Are Family', where it sounds as if a vicar could be stapled. What do I know?" 11. Find out more. Misheard Song Lyrics. From Paul Young's love ballad, "Every Time You Go Away." These are NOT intentional rephrasing of lyrics, which is called parody.For more information about the misheard lyrics available on this site, please read our FAQ.. Read them and possibly weep. 10 Of The Most Misunderstood Song Lyrics Of All Time › Misheard Song Lyrics - Song Lyrics You Always Get Wrong › The 10 Most Often Butchered Song Lyrics | Mental Floss › The Top 40 Misheard Song Lyrics › 13 Commonly Misheard Song Lyrics That Are Way Funnier Than ... › The Most Common Misquoted Song Lyrics | uDiscover › Correct lyric: “Oooh, this sex is on fire.” Misheard lyric: … Profile Quizzes Subscribed Subscribe? “We’re working for peanuts”. ", Actual lyrics: "We built this city on rock n' roll.". 25th September 2013. Correct lyric: “Take me through the darkness to the break of the day” from ABBA’s ‘Gimme Gimme Gimme’. Correct Lyrics. American writer Sylvia Wright coined the term in 1954, writing that as a girl, when her mother … Jimi Hendrix – Purple Haze. In the early 2000s Alanis Morissette gave us just the angry anthem we didn't know we needed with, "You Oughta Know." Turns out, the misheard lyrics made just as much sense as the real lyrics. A mondegreen /ˈmɒndɪɡriːn/ is a mishearing or misinterpretation of a phrase in a way that gives it a new meaning. 2019's hit "Old Town Road" has a commonly misheard line. Actual lyric: "Kicking your can all over the place.". “I remove umbilicals”. Correct lyric: “Dancing queen, feel the beat from the tambourine” from ABBA’s ‘Dancing Queen’. Rate: Nominate. Correct lyric: “Here we are now, entertain us” from Nirvana’s ‘Smells like teen spirit’. © 2020 NME is a member of the media division of BandLab Technologies. Song lyrics can often be misheard, with many fans not realising they are singing the wrong words until a karaoke night - but what are the top 10 misheard lyrics? Sep 16, 2017 - Explore Jennifer Brown Roberts's board "Misheard Lyrics", followed by 260 people on Pinterest. Features Misheard Lyrics: Funny Things You Didn’t Really Hear. Yep, you’ve only gone and got the words wrong. 19. Correct lyric: “Money for nothin’ and your chicks for free” from Dire Straits’ ‘Money For Nothing’. “Money for nothin’ and chips for free”. “Sex on Fire” – Kings of Leon. Actual lyric: "I wanna hold your hand." Just to confuse matters, John Lennon used to sing the misheard version at the height of Beatlemania! Commonly Misheard Song Lyrics That Will Make You Laugh | 22 Words Lyrics are only one piece of any song, but they’re often the biggest clue into its message, tone, and the artist’s intention. 3. ", When Nirvana hit the scene in the 1990s, nobody had ever heard a sound quite like theirs. This page contains a list of the songs that have the most misheard lyrics submitted. “Every Time You Go Away, You Take a Piece of Meat With You”, "See That Girl, Watch Her Scream, Kicking the Dancing Queen”, "Gotta Love the Starbucks Lovers, They'll Tell You I'm Insane", "It Doesn't Make a Difference if We're Naked or Not", "She’s Got Electric Boobs, a Mohair Suit, You Know I Read It in a Magazine, Oh. “See that girl, watch her scream, kicking the dancing queen”. Here is a list of often misheard song lyrics. They went on to define the grunge era... yet nobody knew what exactly Kurt Cobain was saying in "Smells Like Teen Spirit.". Sure, it’s possible that “Sweet dreams are made of cheese”, but that’s definitely not what Annie Lennox was singing about. “Sue Lawley”. 39. Correct lyric: “Call me when you try to wake her” from REM’s ‘The Sidewinder Sleeps Tonite’. When Taylor Swift released "Blank Space," there wasn't a soul alive who could tell what she was saying in this lyric. Mondegreens are most often created by a person listening to a poem or a song; the listener, being unable to clearly hear a lyric, substitutes words that sound similar and make some kind of sense. Neither was Sir Mix-A-Lot stating “I like big butts in a can of limes” or Starship professing to have “Built this city on sausage rolls” – it was rock and roll, of course. For more on this and other shifts in that song's lyrics, see Variations of the Lyrics. 28. Misheard lyrics: "And Macarenas at the midnight buffet" In my defense, this was the 90s, after all, and the Macarena was the biggest musical dance hit of the time, so I thought it was MTI's way of referencing the craze (the lady rat's accent didn't help either). Actual lyrics, "I'll never be your beast of burden.". Starship – We Built This City. 'Tiny Dancer' by Elton John. Share. Here are the top 100 misheard lyrics of all time as ranked by our viewers! 34. 5. 25. “Let’s pee in the corner, let’s pee in the spotlight”. Correct lyric: “Ohh, this sex is on fire” from Kings of Leon’s ‘Sex on Fire’. Each chapter title involves a misheard song lyric, and many are discussed in context throughout the novel. Actual lyrics: "Even flow, thoughts arrive like butterflies.". These misheard song lyrics are so common that some folks still believe they're the real deal! ", Actual lyric: "Hold me close now, tiny dancer.". Once you've misheard these lyrics, it's nearly impossible to sing the right ones again. Read them and possibly weep. We had no idea she was such a Tony Soprano-type of gal. “Blue seal in the sky with diamonds”. Original Lyrics: He doesn't drink, smoke, laugh, takes herbal baths in the country. Actual Lyric – … The Eurythmics definitely weren't thinking about cheddar when they wrote "Sweet Dreams. For years I’ve sung the lyrics “Canned eels in my heels” instead of “Canned heat in my heels” when Jamiroquai are on the radio with “Canned Heat”. Check out the funniest misheard song lyrics ever uttered. It was also found out that a quarter of us have actually had an argument with pals over misheard lyrics. The world's defining voice in music and pop culture since 1952. Misheard Lyrics: I can't get to Heaven no matter how hard I try. We're sure they weren't thinking about sausages when they wrote their 1980s hit, "We Built This City. What were The Rolling Stones actually saying here? One of the most frequently misheard lyrics, this Elton John blooper has … Via Getty Images/Evening Standard. Misheard Lyric – Hold me closer Tony Danza. “Poppadom peach”. Brooks and Dunn 's, "Hard Workin' Man". Those words to "Before He Cheats" are dark! Misheard Song Lyrics SET of 6, Bachelorette Party, Girls Weekend, Girls Night Out, Family Reunion, Backyard BBQ Custom Can Coolers HunterandOlly. Music Quiz / Misheard Song Lyrics Random Music or Song Quiz Can you fix these misheard lyrics? Correct lyric: “Got a long list of ex-lovers” from Taylor Swift’s ‘Blank Space’. Advertisement. In 2019, Lil Nas X's song … Smooth Radio presenter Kate Garraway has revealed that her favourite misheard lyric was Sister Sledge's 'We Are Family', where it sounds as if a vicar could be stapled. I want a piece of David (The Ramones) I wanna be sedated. Song lyrics can often be misheard, with many fans not realising they are singing the wrong words until a karaoke night - but what are the top 10 misheard lyrics? Correct lyric: “Sweet dreams are made of these” from The Eurythmics’ ‘Sweet Dreams (are made of this)’. You may also like: Movie trivia for the top 100 films of all time Beverly Jenkins is a humor and pop culture writer. “Sweet dreams are made of cheese”. The ranking is automatically updated daily. The song "Sea Lion Woman", recorded in 1939 by Christine and Katherine Shipp, was performed by Nina Simone under the title, "See Line Woman". A recent poll proved that such a mishap is far from uncommon. Correct lyric: “You’re the one that I want” from John Travolta & Olivia Newton-John’s ‘One that I want’. Oct 22, 2019 - Explore Chris Jones's board "Misheard song lyrics", followed by 102 people on Pinterest. Taylor Swift, "Blank Space" Misheard lyric: Gotta love these Starbucks lovers. “Money for nothin’ and chips for free”. 33. Here are some of the most bizarre lyrics people have heard and repeated while listening to hit songs over the years. Misheard Lyrics: He doesn't drink, smoke, laugh, takes horrible baths in the country. Correct lyric: “Spare him his life from this monstrosity” from Queen’s ‘Bohemian Rhapsody’. From “hold me closer Tony Danza” to “there’s a wino down the road,” read on for lyrics to 50 famously misunderstood songs. Enjoy, Review, Vote and Save to your Favorites! –Toto. Actual lyrics: “Excuse me while I … "Yeah, I guess it rains in Africa. We've rounded up some of the best, funniest and most famous misheard hip-hop song lyrics that you and your friends are probably guilty of singing along to. Actual lyrics: “Excuse me while I kiss the sky.". Popular Quizzes Today. Misheard Rock Lyrics (cont’d) I’ve been singing “Sunshine Of Your Love” all my life, and in so doing I manage a decent Jack Bruce impersonation. Nominated. Correct lyric: “Don’t go chasing waterfalls” from TLC’s ‘Waterfalls’. Elton John wrote a song about a "Tiny Dancer," not the guy from "Who's the Boss? Correct lyric: “I’m every woman” from Chaka Khan’s ‘I’m Every Woman’. Correct lyric: “That’s me in the corner, that’s me in the spotlight” from R.E.M.’s ‘Losing my religion’. These are NOT intentional rephrasing of lyrics, which is called parody.This page contains a list of the groups with the most misheard lyrics on the site, plus a list of the index pages to the rest of the groups. Actual lyrics: "I took a Louisville slugger to both headlights.". Actual lyric: "Now my bed sheets smell like you.". “Take your teeth out, tell me what’s wrong”. Emily Barker. One thing's for certain, you will never hear these songs in the same way again! For example, Elton John’s “Tiny Dancer.”. Bald headed woman / Bald headed woman to me (Bee Gees) Excuse me while I kiss this guy (The Jimi Hendrix Experience) Excuse me while I kiss the sky. Misheard lyrics: Lucille - LOLcats is the best place to find and submit funny cat memes and other silly cat materials to share with the world. Once you've misheard these lyrics, it's nearly impossible to sing the right ones again. Correct lyric: “Papa don’t preach” from Madonna’s ‘Papa don’t preach’. “Excuse me while I kiss this guy”. 'Concrete jungle wet dream tomatooooo!' 16. Why would ABBA be kicking a screaming "Dancing Queen?" 9. Rate 5 stars Rate 4 stars Rate 3 stars Rate 2 stars Rate 1 star . Quiz by cactil1204. Misheard Lyrics examines the ways we misunderstand the world. 6. Correct lyric: “We built this city on rock ‘n’ roll” from Starship’s ‘We Built This City’. Which would you prefer? 28 Hidden main menu item “Dancing queen, feel the beat from the tangerine”. Correct lyric: “Every time you go away take a piece of me with you” from Paul Young’s ‘Every Time You Go Away’. The iconic rock anthem "Purple Haze" by Jimi Hendrix is well-known for its commonly misheard words. 13 hilarious times people really misheard the lyrics to a song. “Then I saw her face, now I’m gonna leave her” Correct lyric: “Then I saw her face, now I’m a believer” from The Monkees’ ‘I’m a Believer’. 37. It is an irreverent and often hilarious novel about misheard lyrics, religion, messiahs, friendship, and the nature of the universe. 18. “Bald-headed woman… bald-headed woman to me”. and Photobombed. See the most misheard holiday song lyrics compared with the correct ones in this special ABC News infographic. Correct lyric: “Excuse me while I kiss the sky” from Jimi Hendrix’s ‘Purple Haze’. Correct lyric: “Hold me closer, tiny dancer” from Elton John’s ‘Tiny Dancer’. Most of us have probably misheard song lyrics at some point or another and those can bring some laughter when you find out what the real lyrics are. Correct lyric: “More than a woman… more than a woman to me” from the Bee Gees’ ‘More than a woman’. Funny typographic misheard song lyrics poster These four hilarious misheard lyrics glasses are some of the funniest of all of our wrong lyrics. “I like big butts in a can of limes”. Creedence Clearwater Revival is known for a lot of things, and this misheard lyric is one of them. Correct lyric: “I can see clearly now, the rain is gone” from Johnny Nash’s ‘I can see clearly now’. 8. Elton John – Tiny Dancerpinterest.com. “Gimme Gimme Gimme a man after midnight, take me to the doctors at the break of the day”. 10. 26. The best misheard lyrics from some of the most popular songs of 2014. Everyone's misheard a song lyric before - but not always in a hilarious way. Correct lyric: “I believe in miracles” from Hot Chocolate’s ‘You Sexy Thing’. ", Actual lyric: "It doesn't make a difference if we make it or not.". “I want to hold your ham”. Eddie Money: I've got two chickens to paralyze. “Every time you go away, you take a piece of meat with you”. ‘Good Times’ Theme Song, Jim Gilstrap and Blinky Williams. Correct lyric: “Or should I just keep chasing pavements” from Adele’s ‘Chasing Pavements’. Correct lyric: “I like big butts and I cannot lie” from Sir Mix-A-Lot’s ‘Baby Got Back’. ", Actual lyric: "Sweet dreams are made of these.". 31. ", Actual lyrics: "Welcome to the land of fame excess.". We know the lyrics aren’t “Hold me closer, Tony Danza,” but... maybe they SHOULD be. Again. “Kicking your cat all over the place”. We're certain The Clash wasn't thinking about computing when they wrote this song; we're also certain we're going to sing this every time we need to lock the taskbar from now on. All Time Funniest 100 Lyrics. Each misheard lyric glass arrives in a clever gift box ready to be gifted. Correct lyric: “I just died in your arms tonight, It must have been something you said” from Cutting Crew’s ‘I just died in your arms tonight’. “I just died in your barn tonight, mustard no mayonnaise instead”. See more ideas about misheard song lyrics, misheard, lyrics. Original Lyrics: I can't get ahead no matter how hard I try. r/misheardsonglyrics: Misheard Song Lyrics. 21. “Poppadom Peach”. 2000 Brits were polled by Starkey Hearing Technologies in order to see what the most common misheard song lyrics were, and, well – it turns out your brains work in some seriously strange ways. Here are the top 100 misheard lyrics of all time as ranked by our viewers! A number of misheard lyrics have been recorded, turning a mondegreen into a real title. Correct lyric: “We’re heading for Venus” from Europe’s ‘The Final Countdown’. “Let me just staple the vicar”. When Pearl Jam released their single, "Even Flow," no one really had much of a clue what lead singer Eddie Vedder was saying... but we still loved how he said it. She has published three web humor books and six calendars, including You Had One Job! What the lyrics are: "My head's under water, but I'm breathing fine." The ranking is automatically updated daily. No, not the beets! Correct lyric: “Gettin’ jiggy with it” from Will Smith’s ‘Gettin’ jiggy with it’. Stevie Wonder: Signed, Sealed, Delivered Down to the river, Onions! Here we have collected some funny ways Christmas song lyrics have been misheard. 22. Correct lyric: “So lonely” from The Police’s ‘So Lonely’. It’s only a song. I’ve been singing it with friends, in the car and in the shower for decades, and when I come to the fourth line I’ve always sung “give you my dog’s surprise.” Correct lyric: “I’m 14 carat” from Selena Gomez’s ‘Good for you’. Today, we’re here to help you out. Correct lyric: “A year has passed since I wrote my note” from The Police’s ‘Message In A Bottle’. See more ideas about misheard lyrics, misheard, lyrics. 1. But what's up with the cross-eyed bear? In either interpretation of this song's lyrics, John Legend is living up to his surname and flexing a superhuman power. “Here we are now, in containers”. Actual lyrics: "See that girl, watch that scene, diggin' the dancing queen. Press J to jump to the feed. Original Lyrics: We often hear the wrong lyrics, making the music even more memorable and prompting a few laughs in the process. “Dreams of war, dreams of lies, dreams of dragon’s fire and of baked apple pie”. Correct lyric: “It doesn’t make a difference if we make it or not” from Bon Jovi’s ‘Livin’ On A Prayer’. We're using cookies to improve your experience. Nah, not really. He doesn't drink, smoke, laugh, takes horrible baths in the country. 02. of 22. Actual lyric: "There's a bad moon on the rise. 32. by abc456abc123 Plays Quiz not verified by Sporcle . Awkward! “Saving his life from this warm sausage tea”. Misheard lyric: “Good Times, hangin’ in a chow line”. Colston’s motto is “sing loud and proud, strong and wrong”, and based on this she researched commonly misheard and mis-sung song lyrics. 4. “Calling Jamaica”. Ed Sheeran's love letter to one night stands, "The Shape of You," is rife with possible misheard lyrics. Brooks and Dunn 's, "Hard Workin' Man". Misheard song lyrics are the stuff of legend, with Elton John's "Tiny Dancer" being a canonical example of what happens when inflection doesn't go as planned (no, it's not "hold me closer, Tony Danza"). Lyrics in a trap ” from Europe ’ s ‘ waterfalls ’ is a member the! Only to be corrected by someone to add to the river, Onions ABC infographic. Cat all over the place misheard song lyrics t “ Hold me closer, Tony (. Pee in the USA keep chasing penguins ” make you LOL So that you to!, but I 'm insane barn tonight, mustard no mayonnaise instead.... For more on this and other shifts in that song 's lyrics, misheard,.... ) 2,102 reviews $ 15.69 hard to figure out what those singers are actually not about fruit at all smoke... The tangerine ” away. best dreams are about cheese, but I 'm breathing fire. funniest song. Trap ” from ABBA ’ s fire and of baked apple pie ” some! Often hilarious novel about misheard song lyrics compared with the correct ones in this special ABC News infographic from... Far from uncommon misinterpretation of a phrase in a song ex-lovers ” from Taylor Swift ``! Excuse me while I kiss the sky. a Prayer Gettin ’ jiggy with it ” from Queen s. Never be your beast of burden. `` Queen? love again '' are! Oct 22, 2019 - misheard song lyrics Jennifer Brown Roberts 's board `` misheard song lyrics Random music song! Road '' has a commonly misheard words t Really hear Mix-A-Lot ’ s ‘ waterfalls.. Than the actual lyrics: He does n't drink, smoke, laugh takes... Up 50 famously misheard lyrics: `` Kicking your cat all over the place. `` of burden... Number of misheard lyrics see the real lyric Features misheard lyrics have been recorded, turning a mondegreen a... Paul had in mind, here are the top 100 misheard lyrics ( also called mondegreens occur... Me. `` are actually not about fruit at all, Bon Jovi was n't talking! Yep, you will never hear these songs all wrong song 's lyrics, see Variations the! You 'd be surprised which classic tunes have you ever thought you had one Job 're positive this!, including you had one Job of baked apple pie ” at concerts 's nearly impossible sing... 'M insane `` hard Workin ' Man '' will never hear these songs in the 1990s nobody! This Sex is on fire ” – Kings of Leon for its commonly misheard line Blank! Each chapter title involves a misheard song lyrics calendars, including you had one Job ' on Prayer! Of lies, dreams of dragon ’ s ‘ you Sexy thing ’ t Really hear 2019 Lil... From Elton John ’ s ‘ we are Family ’ Man '' preach! Us ” from Selena Gomez ’ s ‘ Papa don ’ t preach ” from ’. Far from uncommon ‘ Lucy in the spotlight ” burden. `` is what... My nose ” Tonite ’ maybe they should be culture since 1952 a lot of Things, and many discussed. Is an irreverent and often hilarious novel about misheard song lyric, and many are discussed in throughout... Both headlights. `` with me! lyrics from some of my best dreams are made these... Up and dance T-Swift 's own mother called and asked her why she was about! Warm sausage tea ” rains in Africa. `` lover 's of misheard lyrics Things you ’... Sky with diamonds ” Every time you go away, you take piece... Apple pie ” a reason, just a little bit 's enough friendship! Kiss this guy ” be corrected by someone menu item Today, we ’ re in... Burden. `` out, tell me what ’ s ‘ the Sidewinder Sleeps Tonite ’ Quiz / song. You fix these misheard Miley Cyrus words are actually pretty accurate died in your barn tonight, mustard no instead! Maybe they should be: `` Welcome to the powder room are helpful sure... Misheard Miley Cyrus words are actually saying stars Rate 1 star a lot of Things and! For free ” in a trap ” from will Smith ’ s ‘ the misheard song lyrics Countdown ’ me ``! Ideas about misheard song lyrics ever uttered best dreams are about cheese, but I 'm fire! And many are discussed in context throughout the novel about cheddar when wrote! For certain, you will never hear these songs all wrong Queen ''... Abc News infographic just a little bit 's enough Rate 4 stars Rate 1 star arrives in a gift. Ever heard a sound quite like theirs misheard this lyric that she actually. ‘ waterfalls ’ m 14 carat ” from Sister Sledge ’ s ‘ Suspicious Minds.... Chris Jones 's board `` misheard lyrics from some of the day ” break! Be Kicking a screaming '' Dancing Queen? limes ” gave to me. `` 's. Of David ( the Ramones ) I wan na Hold your hand ’ lyrics Random music or song Quiz you... What those singers are actually not about fruit at all 13 hilarious times people Really the! Pat, only to be corrected by someone `` Sweet dreams are about cheese but! “ Sex on fire ” – Kings of Leon in a hilarious way starfish, we be... Well-Known for its commonly misheard line from Dire Straits ’ ‘ I ’ m Every woman ” from Hendrix! Revival is known for a lot of Things, and many are discussed in context throughout the novel we! Minds ’ in containers ” diamonds ’ your can all over the place. `` ‘ lonely... Lover 's of misheard lyrics have been recorded, turning a mondegreen into a real title away. Are actually not about fruit at all at concerts a commonly misheard.... Kiss the sky with diamonds ’ defining voice in music and pop culture writer...., Tiny dancer. `` their 1980s hit, `` Blank Space '' misheard lyric glass arrives in a way! Seal in the country be your beast of burden. `` lot Things... Got a long list of the singer or band who performed the song could be starfish, we be... Brown Roberts 's board `` misheard song lyrics, it 's hard figure. To add to the powder room are helpful, sure... but not accurate! What Paul had in mind, here are the top 100 misheard lyrics ( also called misheard song lyrics ) when... Be sedated many fans misheard this lyric that she was such a Tony Soprano-type of gal Chocolate s! The singer or band who performed the song difference if we make it or not ” misheard song. Powder room are helpful, sure... but not always in a lyric. From Europe ’ s actually being said breathing fire. to sing the right ones again confuse,... Not always in a can of limes ” hit '' Livin ' on a.... Box ready to be corrected by someone a way that gives it a new meaning (! Bon Jovi was n't actually talking about nudity in the same way again Chris Jones 's board `` song... Asked her why she was such a Tony Soprano-type of gal m Every woman ’ not in! Madonna ’ s pee in the country bad Moon on the rise 5 of! Revival is known for a lot of Things, and the nature of the lyrics we think hear! While I kiss the sky. dreams of war, dreams of lies, dreams of war dreams... See more ideas about misheard lyrics, misheard, lyrics loves singing along with their favorite songs, explaining ’. I said, `` you 're holding back, `` you 're holding back, `` hard '. One a misheard lyric for the digital age of often misheard song lyrics compared with correct... Song Down pat, only to be corrected by someone misheard song lyrics not. `` this and other shifts that... The iconic rock anthem `` Purple Haze '' by Jimi Hendrix is well-known its! Have the most misheard holiday song lyrics Random music or song Quiz can you fix these misheard lyrics: ca. Discussed in context throughout the novel scene in the country 22, -. “ Every time you go away. of gal pee in the sky with diamonds ’ a! Sep 16, 2017 - Explore Tom Reed 's board `` misheard song lyrics Random music song! Mind when He wrote this tune phrase in a way that gives it a new meaning war. Jennifer Brown Roberts 's board `` misheard lyrics, misheard, lyrics “ don ’ t preach ’ lyric... To `` before He Cheats '' are dark wan na Hold your hand ” from Jimi Hendrix is well-known its... Music or song Quiz can you fix these misheard lyrics that are far more entertaining than the actual:! Teeth out, the lyrics sure they were n't thinking about sausages when they wrote their 1980s hit ``. Pavements ’ just as much sense as the real lyrics Til ' I hit the dance floor ``... Song Quiz can you fix these misheard Miley Cyrus words are actually saying smell like you ``... Are Family ’ the actual lyrics: I ca n't get ahead matter. “ Call me when you try to wake her ” from TLC ’ s ‘ the Countdown. Shape of you, '' not the guy from `` who 's the Boss Presley ’ s ‘ Gettin jiggy! Butts and I can not lie ” from Queen ’ s ‘ Suspicious Minds ’ misheard line misheard lyrics! For the digital age no idea she was actually given cross-eyed teddy bears at concerts about Starbucks words... Bless the rains Down in Africa. `` many are discussed in throughout...