NAS: of the LORD, And His ordinances with Israel. NAS: But gives justice to the afflicted. KJV: thou executest judgment and righteousness Its most basic meaning is to treat people equitably. INT: shall stand shall inquire the judgment of the Urim before, Numbers 29:6 KJV: my statutes and my judgments; Although the word appears 157 times in the Masoretic Text of the Hebrew Bible, typically in relation to "righteousness" per se, its use as a term for "charity" in the above … NAS: and the statutes and the judgments which NAS: are the statutes and the judgments which KJV: of truth: thy judgments have I laid in the Old Testament of the Hebrew Bible. HEB: בְּכָל־ הָאָ֖רֶץ מִשְׁפָּטָֽיו׃ In Micah 6:8, “mishpat puts the emphasis on the action, chesedh puts it on the attitude [or motive] behind the action.”18 To walk with God, then, we must do justice, out of merciful love. NAS: of God; Your judgments are [like] a great KJV: the paths of judgment, and preserveth the act, the place, the suit, the crime, and the penalty; abstr. Typically, Justice—Mishpat is understood to be the justice that is delivered by a judge or a court of law. KJV: after the former manner when thou wast his butler. KJV: He doth execute the judgment of the fatherless KJV: of the righteous [are] right: [but] the counsels INT: the cause of his servant and the cause of his people Israel, 1 Kings 9:4 INT: bribes aside justice, 1 Samuel 8:9 NAS: a sin worthy of death INT: Solomon God your judgments the king Give, Psalm 72:2 21:1). The Hebrew word mishpat can refer to retributive justice, like if I steal something I pay the consequences; yet most often in the Bible, mishpat refers to restorative justice. HEB: אֶתְכֶ֗ם חֻקִּים֙ וּמִשְׁפָּטִ֔ים כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר צִוַּ֖נִי NAS: to the king for judgment; so Absalom My question is the specific meanings that the Psalmist had in mind for mishpat (the Hebrew root word used in both verses). We may say that miš-pāt is forensic sĕd-āqâ. These are Hebrew words found many times (over 200, yikes!) Poverty humiliates and a good society does not allow for humiliation. INT: the commandment and the statutes and the judgments which I, Deuteronomy 7:12 HEB: לַעֲשׂ֤וֹת בָּהֶ֨ם ׀ מִשְׁפָּ֬ט כָּת֗וּב הָדָ֣ר INT: Great God to your ordinances Revive, Psalm 119:160 INT: shout there justice, Job 22:4 The Oldest Question: Why does suffering exist. It means acquitting or punishing every person on the merits of the case, regardless of race or social status. NAS: are those who keep justice, Who practice If we accept this from the Lord, our aim is to restore dignity AND independence. Jon: Mishpat. KJV: my statutes and my judgments: NAS: You shall not show partiality in judgment; you shall hear HEB: אֱמוּנָ֥ה בָחָ֑רְתִּי מִשְׁפָּטֶ֥יךָ שִׁוִּֽיתִי׃ God’s commands and ordinances include not merely a list of do’s and don’t’s, but a relationship grounded in God’s gracious verdict. INT: thrust the righteous judgment, Proverbs 19:28 INT: your presence my judgment come your eyes, Psalm 18:22 So he was seven HEB: לָכֶ֛ם לְחֻקַּ֥ת מִשְׁפָּ֖ט לְדֹרֹתֵיכֶ֑ם בְּכֹ֖ל INT: not understand justice seek God, Proverbs 29:4 KJV: of gold according to their form, and set Tim: Right, right, right. INT: all the earth his judgments, Psalm 106:3 NAS: according to the earlier customs: they do not fear Jon: Like alms? NAS: brought their case before KJV: discerneth both time and judgment. INT: they do customs to the earlier nor, 2 Kings 17:34 HEB: יַדְרֵ֣ךְ עֲ֭נָוִים בַּמִּשְׁפָּ֑ט וִֽילַמֵּ֖ד עֲנָוִ֣ים NAS: times; Your judgments are on high, NAS: will not stand in the judgment, Nor Jeremiah 30:18: “and the palace shall remain after the manner” The noun shepatim refers to “acts of judgment.” One of the 16 occurrences is in Num. INT: not deal adversary, Genesis 40:13 NAS: And do not enter into judgment with Your servant, HEB: תְּחִנָּתָ֑ם וְעָשִׂ֖יתָ מִשְׁפָּטָֽם׃ HEB: לְכָל־ גּ֗וֹי וּמִשְׁפָּטִ֥ים בַּל־ יְדָע֗וּם NAS: are the commandments and the ordinances which HEB: צִוִּיתִ֑יךָ וְחֻקַּ֥י וּמִשְׁפָּטַ֖י תִּשְׁמֽוֹר׃ Mishpat : mish-pawt' Parts of Speech: TWOT : Noun Masculine : 2443c Definition : judgment, justice, ordinance judgment act of deciding a case place, court, seat of judgment process, procedure, litigation (before judges) case, cause (presented for judgment) sentence, decision (of judgment) execution (of judgment) time (of judgment) INT: to show of persons judgment is not good, Proverbs 28:5 Ezekiel 33:16: “that he hath committed shall be mentioned unto him: he hath done that which is lawful and right; he shall surely live.” HEB: מֹשֶׁ֛ה אֶת־ מִשְׁפָּטָ֖ seg type=”large”>ן seg> לִפְנֵ֥י יְהוָֽה׃ INT: has done his wonders and the judgments his mouth, Psalm 105:7 INT: the LORD angels and the justice escapes, Isaiah 41:1 INT: These A statutory ordinance your generations all, Numbers 36:13 KJV: which I fear: for thy judgments [are] good. מִשְׁפָּט mishpâṭ, mish-pawt´; from 8199; prop. ‘Justice and Right’: Biblical Ethics and the Regulation of Capitalism Walter Houston The Hebrew expression in the Old Testament mishpat u-tsedaqa, conventionally translated ‘justice and righteousness’, has a particular application to the social responsibility of the king. in the Old Testament of the Hebrew Bible. Everybody's supposed to have their own piece of. NAS: of the inner sanctuary in the way prescribed; land that they can work and develop and cultivate to … INT: to the king judgment call Absalom, 2 Samuel 15:4 HEB: הַחֻקִּ֣ים וְאֶת־ הַמִּשְׁפָּטִ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֧ר אָנֹכִ֛י KJV: pervert judgment. KJV: and his commandments, and his judgments, and to hearken HEB: וְלַכְּבָשִׂ֛ים בְּמִסְפָּרָ֖ם כַּמִּשְׁפָּֽט׃ INT: dread For your ordinances are good, Psalm 119:43 NAS: in the number [set] by the ordinance concerning NAS: by their number according to the ordinance; INT: shall keep my statutes and my judgments which does, Leviticus 18:26 NAS: man, for the judgment is God’s. HEB: לִ֭נְצֹר אָרְח֣וֹת מִשְׁפָּ֑ט וְדֶ֖רֶךְ [חֲסִידֹו KJV: of mercy and judgment: unto thee, O LORD, HEB: הַאַ֬ף שׂוֹנֵ֣א מִשְׁפָּ֣ט יַחֲב֑וֹשׁ וְאִם־ The term tzedakah occurs 157 times in the Masoretic Text, typically in relation to "righteousness" per se, usually in the singular, but sometimes … INT: there time and procedure though the misery, Ecclesiastes 11:9 NAS: statutes and ordinances. NAS: makes a mockery of justice, And the mouth INT: sword takes justice and my hand will render, Deuteronomy 33:10 KJV: and execute my judgments, and keep Justice in Hebrew is mishpat. NAS: the humble in justice, And He teaches HEB: יָגֹ֑רְתִּי כִּ֖י מִשְׁפָּטֶ֣יךָ טוֹבִֽים׃ Isaiah 42:4: “be discouraged, till he have set judgment in the earth: and the isles shall wait for his law.” NAS: at their stations after their custom, according to the law HEB: מִשְׁפָּ֥ט נִבְחֲרָה־ לָּ֑נוּ KJV: that they should burn after the manner before NAS: [that] in the place of justice there divine law, individual or collect), includ. NAS: He has executed judgment. Jeremiah 22:15: “eat and drink, and do judgment and justice, and then it was well” NAS: by their number according to the ordinance; HEB: לֹ֥א דְרַשְׁנֻ֖הוּ כַּמִּשְׁפָּֽט׃ HEB: סִפַּ֑רְתִּי כֹּ֝֗ל מִשְׁפְּטֵי־ פִֽיךָ׃ INT: the ruler’s the LORD justice man, Ecclesiastes 3:16 HEB: הָאֱלֹהִ֛ים יָבִ֥א בְמִשְׁפָּ֖ט עַ֣ל כָּל־ NAS: of Your righteous ordinances. KJV: Yea, in the way of thy judgments, O LORD, INT: of heart learn judgments your righteous, Psalm 119:13 KJV: thy righteous judgments. Ezekiel 5:6: “are round about her: for they have refused my judgments and my statutes, they have not walked” INT: for for all his ordinances were before his statutes, Psalm 19:9 INT: the sons of Israel judgment, Judges 13:12 HEB: הַשְׂכֵּ֑ל צֶ֥דֶק וּ֝מִשְׁפָּ֗ט וּמֵישָׁרִֽים׃ INT: God and upright are your judgments, Psalm 119:149 NAS: the statutes and the ordinances which NAS: Yourself for me; You have appointed judgment. … Over and over again, mishpat describes taking up the care … INT: your eyes and bring judgment with, Job 19:7 HEB: עֲ֭שֹׂה צְדָקָ֣ה וּמִשְׁפָּ֑ט נִבְחָ֖ר לַיהוָ֣ה KJV: our Lord, and his judgments and his statutes; NAS: His statutes and His ordinances to Israel. NAS: was in him to administer justice. KJV: Ye shall do my judgments, and keep NAS: the tabernacle according to its plan which HEB: וְאֶת־ כָּל־ מִשְׁפָּטַ֔י וַעֲשִׂיתֶ֖ם אֹתָ֑ם INT: A man A sin worthy of death is put, Deuteronomy 24:17 The word for “justice” is the Hebrew term mishpat. HEB: ל֛וֹ חֹ֥ק וּמִשְׁפָּ֖ט בִּשְׁכֶֽם׃ HEB: לֵבָ֑ב בְּ֝לָמְדִ֗י מִשְׁפְּטֵ֥י צִדְקֶֽךָ׃ KJV: I cry aloud, but [there is] no judgment. KJV: and violent perverting of judgment and justice Ezekiel 45:9: “violence and spoil, and execute judgment and justice, take away your exactions from”, Daniel 9:5: “and have rebelled, even by departing from thy precepts and from thy judgments:”, Hosea 2:19: “thee unto me forever; yea, I will betroth thee unto me in righteousness, and in judgment, and in lovingkindness, and in mercies.” NAS: they do not know the custom of the god It means acquitting or punishing every person on the merits of the case, regardless of race or social status. INT: of his hands are truth and justice are sure All, Psalm 112:5 HEB: תַעֲשׂ֥וּ עָ֖וֶל בַּמִּשְׁפָּ֑ט בַּמִּדָּ֕ה בַּמִּשְׁקָ֖ל KJV: thee the sentence of judgment: HEB: הָי֣וּ עֹֽבְדִ֔ים כְּמִשְׁפַּט֙ הַגּוֹיִ֔ם אֲשֶׁר־ INT: the cause of the afflicted and justice the poor, Psalm 143:2 HEB: אֶת־ מִשְׁפָּטַ֧י תַּעֲשׂ֛וּ וְאֶת־ KJV: heard of the judgment which the king At the end of that blessing, the combination tzedakah u’mishpat appears together — charity and law. LN 56.20–56.34 judgment, i.e., the act. We’re still good. HEB: אִם־ אֶמְאַ֗ס מִשְׁפַּ֣ט עַ֭בְדִּי וַאֲמָתִ֑י INT: will maintain his cause judgment, Psalm 119:7 Justice and Righteousness are the two virtues that DML has identified in working towards a world in which all can flourish. Amos 5:24 says, “But let justice roll down like water, righteousness like an ever-flowing stream.”. HEB: חֻקֹּתַי֙ וְאֶת־ מִשְׁפָּטַ֔י וְלֹ֣א תַעֲשׂ֔וּ INT: the LORD of hosts judgment God and the holy, Isaiah 9:7 Habakkuk 1:12: “we shall not die. KJV: justice and judgment [is] more acceptable KJV: quicken me according to thy judgments. Ezekiel 18:9: “Hath walked in my statutes, and hath kept my judgments, to deal truly; he is just,” INT: her midst the spirit of judgment and the spirit of burning, Isaiah 5:7 KJV: to do judgment. HEB: וּ֝מֵיְהוָ֗ה כָּל־ מִשְׁפָּטֽוֹ׃ KJV: Let my sentence come forth KJV: in the breastplate of judgment upon his heart, INT: for have maintained my just cause have sat, Psalm 9:7 INT: have remembered your ordinances of old God, Psalm 119:62 INT: Righteousness and justice are the foundation of your throne, Psalm 89:30 KJV: in the midst of the paths of judgment: let us stand together: who is mine adversary? NAS: and all My ordinances and do NAS: a breastpiece of judgment, the work Strong's Number H4941 matches the Hebrew מִשְׁפָּט (mishpat), which occurs 426 times in 403 verses in the Hebrew concordance of the NASB Page 1 / 9 (Gen 18:19–Deu 4:8) INT: mountains of God your judgments deep are a great, Psalm 37:6 KJV: justice, and judgment, and equity; Jeremiah 4:12: “unto me: now also will I give sentence” HEB: אֵ֠לֶּה הַֽחֻקִּ֣ים וְהַמִּשְׁפָּטִים֮ וְהַתּוֹרֹת֒ אֲשֶׁר֙ Jeremiah 26:11: “saying, This man is worthy to die; for he hath prophesied against” NAS: forever; The judgments of the LORD “Do justice, do righteousness!” The Hebrew word for these two words are mishpat and tsedeqah and have a much deeper meaning in the Hebrew text than in English. But also found 'mishpat' and 'yashar' which were obviously different roots, so counted those under 'Other Hebrew Words'. KJV: the statutes and judgments which I speak HEB: וּמִנְחָתָ֔הּ וְנִסְכֵּיהֶ֖ם כְּמִשְׁפָּטָ֑ם לְרֵ֣יחַ נִיחֹ֔חַ Justice is Care for the Vulnerable The Hebrew word for “justice,” mishpat, occurs in its various forms more than 200 times in the Hebrew Old Testament. NAS: shall be the priests’ due from the people, INT: his statutes his commandments and his ordinances and listen to his voice, Deuteronomy 27:19 INT: will walk my statutes my ordinances and execute and keep, 1 Kings 6:38 INT: to execute the judgment written is an honor, Proverbs 1:3 NAS: righteous deeds And judgments for all NAS: may elders understand justice. INT: loves righteousness and justice of the lovingkindness of the LORD, Psalm 35:23 Historically, mishpat has been evolving, at least from a Kabbalistic perspective. INT: become and executed justice and righteousness for all, 1 Chronicles 22:13 INT: the statutes and to the judgments which I, Deuteronomy 4:5 INT: standard shall be one become, Leviticus 25:18 KJV: Ye shall have one manner of law, as well for the stranger, NAS: according to your former custom when HEB: בָ֭נָיו תּוֹרָתִ֑י וּ֝בְמִשְׁפָּטַ֗י לֹ֣א יֵלֵכֽוּן׃ Jon: Fairness vs … NAS: enters into judgment with the elders KJV: and every one of thy righteous judgments [endureth] for ever. Miš-pāt tends to have a forensic or legal sense and concerns judicial proceedings. Doing justice (Hebrew: mishpat) calls us to seek out people being taken advantage of, advocate for the vulnerable, and recognize/seek change of unjust social structures that may unjustly put others at a disadvantage. KJV: where [the officers] were, every man according to his charge. NAS: For all His ordinances [were] before HEB: וְלַכְּבָשִׂ֛ים בְּמִסְפָּרָ֖ם כַּמִּשְׁפָּֽט׃ KJV: our God; his judgments [are] in all the earth. Ezekiel 34:16: “the fat and the strong; I will feed them with judgment.” These two words have a depth of meaning that are beautiful to think through. I’ve learned two new words this past month: mishpat (mish-pawt) and tzedakah (ts(e)daˈka). HEB: לְֽ֭מִשְׁפָּטֶיךָ עָמְד֣וּ הַיּ֑וֹם NAS: And upright are Your judgments. KJV: and one manner shall be for you, and for the stranger NAS: abhors My ordinances so as not to carry NAS: the statutes and the judgments which NAS: according to these ordinances. NAS: you, and according to the verdict which KJV: and executed judgment and justice NAS: Shall one who hates justice rule? HEB: אֶתְכֶ֔ם חֻקִּ֖ים וּמִשְׁפָּטִ֑ים לַעֲשֹׂתְכֶ֣ם אֹתָ֔ם A righteous judge is one who decides right, correctly. KJV: this day according to thine ordinances: for all [are] thy servants. INT: longing After your ordinances all times, Psalm 119:30 LN 41.25–41.28 custom, practice, i.e., a behavior which is more or less …DBL Hebrew, 2443c מִשְׁפָּט (mišpāṭ) justice, ordinance. Tzedakah, typically translated Righteousness. KJV: [shall be] according to their number, after the manner: NAS: Because of Your judgments, O LORD. NAS: this day according to Your ordinances, For all things Lewis contrasted OT vs. modern justice in a book excerpt (from Reflections on the Psalms ). NAS: the righteous in judgment. INT: Israel the statutes and the ordinances which I, Deuteronomy 5:31 NAS: and all My ordinances and do INT: his son designates to the custom of daughters shall deal, Exodus 21:31 INT: has made the LORD judgment has executed the work, Psalm 10:5 My question is the specific meanings that the Psalmist had in mind for mishpat (the Hebrew root word used in both verses). 5.7). Isaiah 50:8: “me? Ezekiel 23:24: “judgment before them, and they shall judge thee according to their judgments.” NAS: After Your ordinances at all HEB: הַֽחֻקִּ֣ים וְאֶת־ הַמִּשְׁפָּטִ֗ים אֲשֶׁ֨ר אָנֹכִ֧י INT: offering drink to the ordinance male goat, Numbers 27:5 Chessed, Mishpat & Tzedek . NAS: from the LORD, And the justice due me escapes the notice The word tzedakah is based on the Hebrew (צדק ‎, Tzedek), meaning righteousness, fairness, or justice, and is related to the Hebrew word Tzadik, meaning righteous as an adjective (or righteous individual as a noun in the form of a substantive). For, the word, judge, as šāpaṭ is usually translated, in modern English, means to exercise only the judicial function of government. HEB: לְמֶ֔לֶךְ לַעֲשׂ֥וֹת מִשְׁפָּ֖ט וּצְדָקָֽה׃ KJV: of my curse, to judgment. NAS: I have remembered Your ordinances from of old, HEB: לִבְנ֖וֹ יִֽיעָדֶ֑נָּה כְּמִשְׁפַּ֥ט הַבָּנ֖וֹת יַעֲשֶׂה־ Tsedeq means righteousness, God’s standard of what is good, right, and true. The word mishpat means judgment. Mishpat . KJV: of thee? KJV: Let us choose to us judgment: let us know KJV: by number, according to the order commanded unto them, continually In Hebrew, the words are mishpat and tzedakah (although many say the words cannot be directly translate into English – but for the sake of this blog we will go with mishpat as justice and tzedakah as righteousness). was the first 2,000 years of chaos, and specifically the exile in Egypt. KJV: And he said unto them, What manner of man HEB: נָ֣א יְהוָ֑ה וּֽמִשְׁפָּטֶ֥יךָ לַמְּדֵֽנִי׃ NAS: heard of the judgment which When the son hath done that which is lawful and right, and hath kept all” INT: the lambs their number to the ordinance, Numbers 29:27 Its most basic meaning is to treat people equitably. NAS: who shall inquire for him by the judgment of the Urim KJV: For all his judgments [were] before me: and [as for] his statutes, NAS: and so [has been] his practice all NAS: before the congregation for trial. HEB: מִ֫זְמ֥וֹר חֶֽסֶד־ וּמִשְׁפָּ֥ט אָשִׁ֑ירָה לְךָ֖ NAS: do not understand justice, But those who seek INT: by the pillar to the custom the captains and the trumpeters, 2 Kings 17:26 For example, there are three Hebrew words for "justice" (act justly): "Misphat," "tzedek" and the composite word: "tzedek-mishpat." HEB: וְנֵרֹתֵיהֶ֗ם לְבַעֲרָ֧ם כַּמִּשְׁפָּ֛ט לִפְנֵ֥י הַדְּבִ֖יר Ezekiel 20:25: “statutes that were not good, and judgments whereby they should not live;” INT: shall judge the people judgment righteous, Deuteronomy 16:19 INT: present before case my mouth and fill, Job 27:2 INT: of the LORD executed and his ordinances with Israel, Joshua 6:15 Ezekiel 18:19: “of the father? INT: the lambs their number to the ordinance, Numbers 29:30 KJV: they despised my judgments, and because their soul NAS: The exercise of justice is joy NAS: You have executed justice and righteousness Rectifying justice is represented in passages like Micah 6:8. HEB: וְ֝אֵ֗ל הֵסִ֥יר מִשְׁפָּטִֽי׃ HEB: יְבִֽיאֲךָ֥ הָאֱלֹהִ֖ים בַּמִּשְׁפָּֽט׃ KJV: of the passover, and according to the manner thereof, so shall he do: What is kindness, “Chessed”? KJV: to do judgment and justice. HEB: הַפֶּ֛סַח בָּאֵ֖שׁ כַּמִּשְׁפָּ֑ט וְהַקֳּדָשִׁ֣ים בִּשְּׁל֗וּ HEB: לְבֵית־ יְהוָה֙ כְּמִשְׁפָּטָ֔ם בְּיַ֖ד אַהֲרֹ֣ן KJV: and his commandments, and his judgments, and his testimonies, KJV: and the statutes, and the judgments, which I command KJV: [shall be] according to their number, after the manner: HEB: וְלוֹ֙ אֵ֣ין מִשְׁפַּט־ מָ֔וֶת כִּ֠י INT: the Passover the fire to the ordinance the holy boiled, Ezra 3:4 KJV: Should I lie against my right? INT: my judgments perform my statutes, Leviticus 18:5 HEB: מַה־ יִּֽהְיֶ֥ה מִשְׁפַּט־ הַנַּ֖עַר וּמַעֲשֵֽׂהוּ׃ Ezekiel 11:12: “in my statutes, neither executed my judgments, but have done after the manners of the heathen that” HEB: בְּכָל־ הָ֝אָ֗רֶץ מִשְׁפָּטָֽיו׃ KJV: [are] verity and judgment; all his commandments KJV: it, and to establish it with judgment and with justice HEB: כְחַסְדֶּ֑ךָ יְ֝הוָ֗ה כְּֽמִשְׁפָּטֶ֥ךָ חַיֵּֽנִי׃ HEB: וְלַכְּבָשִׂ֛ים בְּמִסְפָּרָ֖ם כַּמִּשְׁפָּֽט׃ KJV: I have not departed from thy judgments: for thou hast taught But by itself, mishpat or justice, does not create a society in which all can flourish. HEB: לֹא־ תַטֶּ֣ה מִשְׁפָּ֔ט לֹ֥א תַכִּ֖יר KJV: For all his judgments [were] before me, and I did not put away NAS: Him in the path of justice and taught Jeremiah 33:15: “to grow up unto David; and he shall execute judgment and righteousness in the land.” These are Hebrew words found many times (over 200, yikes!) INT: for for all adversary before his statutes, 1 Kings 2:3 NAS: righteousness and justice And equity HEB: יְהוָ֑ה וְ֝יָשָׁ֗ר מִשְׁפָּטֶֽיךָ׃ justice, right, rectitude (attributes of God or man) ordinance ; decision (in law) ... Brown, Driver, Briggs and Gesenius. Remember, the Israelites are in the land, Joshua divided up . . HEB: לְהַטּ֥וֹת צַ֝דִּ֗יק בַּמִּשְׁפָּֽט׃ KJV: and the statutes, and the judgments, which Moses HEB: וְאִ֥ם אֶת־ מִשְׁפָּטַ֖י תִּגְעַ֣ל נַפְשְׁכֶ֑ם KJV: me will I seek thee early: for when thy judgments [are] in the earth, INT: leads the humble justice teaches the humble, Psalm 33:5 HEB: צִוִּיתִ֑יךָ חֻקַּ֥י וּמִשְׁפָּטַ֖י תִּשְׁמֹֽר׃ NAS: For all His ordinances were before KJV: that hath statutes and judgments [so] righteous KJV: And he appointed, according to the order of David KJV: of the LORD, and his judgments with Israel. NAS: our God; His judgments are in all KJV: you statutes and judgments, even as KJV: all the statutes and judgments which I set INT: the righteous the exercise of justice is terror to the workers, Proverbs 24:23 Rabbi Moshe Chaim Luzzatto, the Ramchal, wrote in his sefer, Da’as Tevunos: The first level . HEB: הַדָּ֑ם עַ֥ל הַמִּשְׁפָּטִ֖ים הָאֵֽלֶּה׃ It occurs hundreds of times in the OT. HEB: הַֽחֻקִּים֙ וְאֶל־ הַמִּשְׁפָּטִ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֧ר אָֽנֹכִ֛י Ayin. INT: of Judah Because of your judgments, Psalm 72:1 INT: which has statutes and judgments righteous whole, Deuteronomy 4:14 INT: Indeed the way of your judgments LORD have waited, Isaiah 26:9 NAS: His ways are just; A God KJV: arose to judgment, to save KJV: [was] in him, to do judgment. It’s advocating for the oppressed and striving to change social structures that foster injustice. NAS: the earth deal justly? KJV: I remembered thy judgments of old, The word translated "humbly" comes from the same root that gives … HEB: וְעֹ֥ז מֶלֶךְ֮ מִשְׁפָּ֪ט אָ֫הֵ֥ב אַ֭תָּה HEB: כָא֣וֹר צִדְקֶ֑ךָ וּ֝מִשְׁפָּטֶ֗ךָ כַּֽצָּהֳרָֽיִם׃ Ezekiel 33:19: “turn from his wickedness, and do that which is lawful and right, he shall live” HEB: הִנֵּ֑ה וְאִם־ לְ֝מִשְׁפָּ֗ט מִ֣י יוֹעִידֵֽנִי׃ INT: times high your judgments of his sight for all, Psalm 17:2 NAS: bribes and perverted justice. HEB: יְכַלְכֵּ֖ל דְּבָרָ֣יו בְּמִשְׁפָּֽט׃ Mishpat is today the modern Hebrew word for law. NAS: To pervert the ways of justice. INT: will dwell the wilderness justice and righteousness the fertile, Isaiah 33:5 INT: for your judgments the earth righteousness, Isaiah 28:6 NAS: I dread, For Your ordinances are good. NAS: and all the ordinances; and all NAS: me, O LORD, according to Your ordinances. HEB: הַמִּצְוָ֛ה וְהַחֻקִּ֥ים וְהַמִּשְׁפָּטִ֖ים אֲשֶׁ֣ר תְּלַמְּדֵ֑ם INT: his delightful looked justice behold bloodshed, Isaiah 5:16 Jeremiah 9:24: “I am the LORD which exercise lovingkindness, judgment, and righteousness, in the earth: for” NAS: and they go to court, and the judges decide HEB: וּ֝לְעוֹלָ֗ם כָּל־ מִשְׁפַּ֥ט צִדְקֶֽךָ׃ INT: his charge his statutes his ordinances and his commandments all manner, Deuteronomy 11:32 NAS: to the king for judgment, Absalom INT: his life was not deserving of death since, Deuteronomy 21:17 You shall not be afraid of man, because judgment belongs to God Deuteronomy 1:17 Judgment – In Hebrew thought, no principle of justice is more important than this one. Jeremiah 51:9: “every one into his own country: for her judgment reacheth unto heaven, and is lifted up” NAS: are the statutes and ordinances and laws HEB: וְשַׂמְתִּ֤י מִשְׁפָּט֙ לְקָ֔ו וּצְדָקָ֖ה CDWGTHB, Genesis 18:19 In our society we often portray Blindfolded Justice with her scales to symbolize that justice is not to be a respecter of persons, or status, or wealth, but equally and evenly weighed out for any and all who come before her. It is mishpat that keeps the inherent chaos of Creation at bay. NAS: and His statutes and His judgments, that you may live Jon: That's interesting because people would just say justice is the standard. Habakkuk 1:4: “doth compass about the righteous; therefore wrong judgment proceedeth.” We choose judges as legal scholars, not as social workers. For 'justice' found 'tsedeq', 'tsaddiq', 'tsadaq', 'tsedeqa', etc. INT: and his tongue speaks justice, Psalm 48:11 NAS: but sinned against Your ordinances, By which HEB: וְעָשִׂ֜יתָ חֹ֤שֶׁן מִשְׁפָּט֙ מַעֲשֵׂ֣ה חֹשֵׁ֔ב HEB: מִשְׁפַּ֤ט אֶחָד֙ יִהְיֶ֣ה NAS: And Your afflicted with justice. NAS: Now these are the ordinances which KJV: you statutes and judgments, that ye might do KJV: thrones of judgment, the thrones Jeremiah 46:28: “thee: but I will not make a full end of thee, but correct thee in measure; yet will I not leave thee wholly unpunished.” Micah 3:8: “by the spirit of the LORD, and of judgment, and of might, to declare unto Jacob his transgression,” INT: statutes to all ordinances shall observe, Numbers 9:14 In the Hebrew Scriptures the two words that describe the foundation stones for the community of God’s people are: Mishpat, typically translated Justice. NAS: who has taken away my right, And the Almighty, KJV: when wilt thou execute judgment on them that persecute KJV: statutes and judgments, ye shall even warn HEB: יֵ֖שׁ עֵ֣ת וּמִשְׁפָּ֑ט כִּֽי־ רָעַ֥ת Mishpat means to take up their case as … HEB: הִלַּלְתִּ֑יךָ עַ֝֗ל מִשְׁפְּטֵ֥י צִדְקֶֽךָ׃ INT: keeping his commandments and his ordinances and his statutes which, Deuteronomy 10:18 INT: Zion justice will be redeemed repentant, Isaiah 3:14 INT: the burnt and offered to the ordinance, Leviticus 18:4 Tzedakah strives to remove those levels. The biblical conception of justice is primarily captured in two Hebrew words—mishpat and tzadeqah. NAS: And do not walk in My judgments, INT: at their stations their custom to the law of Moses, 2 Chronicles 33:8 INT: living security the manner of the Sidonians quiet, 1 Samuel 2:13 NAS: [animals] on the fire according to the ordinance, and they boiled KJV: all my statutes, and all my judgments, and do The book of Isaiah, his poetry, especially about the future hope for the Messianic King is filled with this … HEB: אֶת־ הַמִּשְׁכָּ֑ן כְּמִ֨שְׁפָּט֔וֹ אֲשֶׁ֥ר הָרְאֵ֖יתָ So accumulated the counts for these all under 'tsedeq'. HEB: תְּחִנָּתָ֑ם וְעָשִׂ֖יתָ מִשְׁפָּטָֽם׃ INT: and David administered justice and righteousness for all, 2 Samuel 15:2 Similarly for Greek. KJV: their own gods, after the manner of the nations KJV: of persons in judgment. KJV: careless, after the manner of the Zidonians, is the classic Hebrew term forwhat we would call “social justice,” although its has numerous other meanings, including “decrees,” “lawsuit” and even “right religion,” (this is how Mowinckel would translate it in the “First Servant Song,” Isa 42:1-4). Ezekiel 23:45: “shall judge them after the manner of adulteresses, and after the manner of women that shed blood; because they” INT: income not right, Proverbs 16:10 INT: to give Because ordinances of your righteous, Psalm 119:75 NAS: of Your righteous ordinances is everlasting. HEB: כִּ֣י כָל־ מִשְׁפָּטָ֣יו לְנֶגְדִּ֑י וְ֝חֻקֹּתָ֗יו ” [13] The quality of righteousness is intrinsic to the Person of God. I’ve been thinking about the words justice and righteousness a lot in the past two years as I worked on this document. HEB: מֶ֑לֶךְ וּלְשָׂרִ֖ים לְמִשְׁפָּ֥ט יָשֹֽׂרוּ׃ Mishpat : mish-pawt' Parts of Speech: TWOT : Noun Masculine : 2443c Definition : judgment, justice, ordinance judgment act of deciding a case place, court, seat of judgment process, procedure, litigation (before judges) case, cause (presented for judgment) sentence, decision (of judgment) execution (of judgment) time (of judgment) So the priest pāṭ): n.masc. NAS: and its drink offering, according to the ordinance, and one NAS: any suit or cause could come HEB: תּוֹרָ֥ה אַחַ֛ת וּמִשְׁפָּ֥ט אֶחָ֖ד יִהְיֶ֣ה Ezekiel 18:27: “from his wickedness that he hath committed, and doeth that which is lawful and right, he shall save his soul alive.” To go to court or to treat people equitably, O LORD, our aim to! Dignity and independence, not as social workers righteousness '' or `` justice '' and is one the! Without right of justice, Psalm 119:7 HEB: לֵבָ֑ב בְּ֝לָמְדִ֗י מִשְׁפְּטֵ֥י צִדְקֶֽךָ׃ NAS: rejoice of! 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Of your judgments aid those in need, but does not allow humiliation...